BCH190 The Way We Work With Life
Study Guide Quiz 02, 2006

1. Enzymes are usually:


2. A method used to copy small amounts of DNA many times over was invented by Dr. Kary Mullis in the 1980s and is called PCR. PCR stands for:


3. The flow of information in the vast majority of life forms on earth is from:


4. The Gaia hypothesis:

5. Difference the sequence of long chain molecules and becomes information in biological organisms. ‘Life’ assembles itself into chains


6. “Each living creature must be looked at as a microcosm-a little universe formed of a host of self-propagating organisms, inconceivably minute and as numerous as the stars in the heaven.” This quote by Charles Darwin reflects what common feature of life?


7. A Pipetman is:


8. The double helix structure of DNA that is created by a sequence of bases was a clue to how one molecule of DNA could be replicated into two exact copies. DNA replication results in the same copy of DNA in each cell and


9. Cloning a gene



10. Cellular membranes are formed by combining to layers of lipid molecules creating an outer row, where the water-liking part of the lipid faces the watery surroundings, and an inner row that faces toward the inside of the cell, creating an inside and an outside of cells. This is necessary


11. One of the patterns that seems consistent for life on this planet is that “life uses few themes to generate many variations.” For example, there are over 300,000 species of beetles represented by many variations in size and color, but the pattern of relationships that makes beetles is consistent. This could be explained by:


12. The region of a strand of DNA, which either ‘turns on or off’ the expression of a particular gene is called a:


13. A fundamental feature of information is


14. The process of DNA replication copies one molecule of DNA into two


15. A hallmark of biological life is that ‘life organizes with information’. Information codes for the parts of a cell that make the whole cell. This is the kind of information that ‘life’ stores as a sequence in it’s:


16. ‘Life’ encourages variation by


17. When individual cells divide they first make a copy of all the information they carry in their DNA and every cell in an organism usually contains a nearly exact copy of all of the DNA that codes for that organism. However, ‘life’ creates with mistakes. Every so often cellular mechanisms make errors during the copy process. A mutation



18. Genes are segments of DNA that:


19. The chemical units of information in DNA are:


20. Gel electrophoresis is an important tool in molecular biology and biotechnology. Electro refers to the energy of electricity. Phoresis, from the Greek verb phoros, means "to carry across." Thus, gel electrophoresis refers to the technique in which molecules are forced across a span of gel, motivated by an electrical current. Gel electrophoresis allows for