BCH190 The Way We Work With Life
Study Guide Quiz 10, 2006
1. The process of doubling a cell's genes and dividing them into two new daughter cells:
2. Molecular Biomimetics is a relative recent field being applied to marine biotechnology is a combination of what two fields?
3. The common zebrafish
4. The stage of development when human embryonic stem cells are harvested:
5. The process by which cells acquire specific functions and lose the capacity to create all of the proteins encoded by their DNA:
6. The search for pharmaceutical compounds from marine organisms is called:
7. What famous scientist observed that a mold contaminant on a petri dish containing staphylococci created a zone of inhibition, and was awarded 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine together with Florey, Chain and Abraham for the observation that lead to the discovery of penicillin?
8. Marine organisms have been discovered which contain
9. A foreign gene that is stably introduced into fish is called
10. Emergent patterns by self assembly explains:
11. What are individual "master regulatory genes" that, when activated by signal molecules during the development of an embryo, create proteins that turn on other genes that control the development of specific body segments?
12. A protein found in mammals and chickens, called myostatin, is responsible for control of muscle growth and limits number of muscle fibers. In Belgian blue cattle the myostatin gene has a small mutation that renders the protein non-functional and this allows for continued recruitment of muscle fibers in these cattle. Mice in which the gene have been mutated have markedly increased growth and musculature. Myostatin has been found in fish. The gene has been isolated and attempts have been made to
13. Fish are wild animals that we still harvest. Numerous fisheries have been seriously depleted and are in danger of collapse (tuna, swordfish and others) There used to be an abundance of Atlantic Cod off the coast of North America which has been drastically reduced (they have all been made into fish sticks and codcakes). The sad history of humans and the harvest of wild animals (think Moa bird, Steller’s Sea Cow and Passenger Pidgeon) predict that we will not stop until they are all gone. One solution may be to grow fish for our own consumption the way we mange chickens and cattle. The FAO recently wrote in a 2003 report that ‘With capture fisheries at or nearing their capacities ___blank_____will have to shoulder an increasing burden in the effort to feed the world's poor and hungry.” Fill in the blank with
14. A cascade of gene expression in organisms can be initiated by
15. Applications of biotechnology to aquaculture include:
16. Green Florescent Protein (GFP) is encoded by a gene and when expressed produces a protein that glows in the dark when illuminated by UV light The gene has been cloned and is an important tool used to genetically modify various organisms for gene expression studies. We have see glow in the dark plants, Zebrafish (sold in pet stores as glo-fish) and even rabbits. GFP comes from:
17. The process by which each new generation of cells becomes different in structure and function as an organism develops is called:
18. One of the major environmental concerns regarding transgenic fish farms is:
19. Using a gene that codes for rainbow trout growth factor hormone and a promoter that causes that gene to be continuously expressed genetically engineered fish that grow faster have been produced:
20. The first stage in cell division is called: